Variables of Information System

Following are variables of Information System;

  • Level of Management
  • Operational Data
  • Decision Making
  • Efficiency

And there are 9 major types of Information System;

  1. Management Information System
  2. Operational Information System
  3. Office Automation System
  4. Transaction Processes System
  5. Financial Information System
  6. Executive Information System
  7. Executive Support System
  8. Expert System
  9. Decision Support System

1. Management Information System

Level of Management

Used by Middle and top level Managers

Operational Data

Low volume of data, medium term planning and for strategic Decision making.

Decision Making

Broadly it provides tools to the strategic level managers for decision making of business functions.

Efficiency

It is an efficient system, use fewer resources related to traditional function of business.

2. Operational Information System

Level of Management

It is used by Operational Managers

Operational Data

High volume of data are there, and the current data are used to implement goals and objectives.

Decision Making

It uses decision making for managing and directing activities

Efficiency

Not that much an efficient system as resource consumption is high.

3. Office Automation System

Level of Management

It is used at all three levels of management.

Operational Data

It uses the internal data and is useful for compiling and presenting MIS reports and presentations.

Decision Making

It operates on all the level of management so decision making activities are also used by all three level of managers.

Efficiency

It is an efficient system use less resources because of applications like Microsoft word.

4. Transaction Processes System

Level of Management

It is used by Operational/Low Level managers.

Operational Data

High volume of data is required from minute day to day activities

Decision Making

It utilizes decision making to manage daily transactions.

Efficiency

Effort consumption is high for routine tasks, not an efficient system.

5. Financial Information System

Level of Management

It is used on all three levels of management.

Operational Data

Only that data are required that utilizes to make financial reports

Decision Making

It uses decision making authorities for financial forecasting and planning.

Efficiency

Efficiency reduces because of the need of high resources for financial reporting

6. Executive Information System

Level of Management

It works on Strategic/top level management

Operational Data

The data from DSS and the volume of data is high because data are used for organizational productivity.

Decision Making

The decision making helps mangers to solve issues and recognize opportunities

Efficiency

High need of resources to find accurate information for organizational productivity.

7. Executive Support System

Level of Management

It is used by strategic/top level managers for personal productivity.

Operational Data

Only the data uses for  personal productivity purpose.

Decision Making

It uses decision support capabilities

Efficiency

Uses high resources for data analysis and personal productivity tools.

8. Expert System

Level of Management

It works on tactical/middle level of management

Operational Data

Data is collected using expert experience, helps management makes decisions.

Decision Making

Expert system has their own intelligence for decision making and relies on database of “if”, “then” rules.

Efficiency

An efficient system because of the use of its own intelligence for decision making.

9. Decision Support System

Level of Management

The DSS are used by top/strategic managers

Operational Data

Data from both TPS and MIS are taken but the data is highly unstructured, it involves solving a problem or taking a decision.

Decision Making

The decision making authorities are utilized to solve unstructured problem.

Efficiency

It uses high resources and data from other system to carry out its function.

 

business research methods

November 19, 2018