Marketing Management Notes (MBA, BBA, B.Com, Management)

What is Delusions? Delusions are related to mind. These are believes or more specifically these are the false and irrational believes that cannot be corrected by teaching or counseling. “Delusional disorder, previously called paranoid disorder, is a type of serious mental illness called a "psychosis&qu... read more

Illusions Illusion is the distorted perception when something exists in the real world but we perceive it in distorted form. “An illusion is a distortion of the senses, which can reveal how the human brain normally organizes and interprets sensory stimulation. Though illusions distort our perception of real... read more

Sensation “A sensation is a subjective knowledge produced from the stimulation of a sensory receptor (a specialized nerve cell that is excited by some physical or chemical stimulus). Sensations are presumed to arise as a result of nerve activity in certain areas of the cerebral cortex, which receive incoming si... read more

Personality Personality is the characteristic pattern of behavior thoughts and feeling that make an individual unique. Structure of Personality ID Present at the time of birth. Operate at unconscious level.  It is driven by pleasure principles. It uses primary process that is formulating or cre... read more

Learning is relatively permanent change in behavior. Classical Conditioning (Ivan parlor) Classical conditioning means learning by association. Classical conditioning can be done in four ways. Unconditional Stimulus (UCS/US) Unconditional Response (UCR/UR) Conditional Stimulus (CS) Condi... read more

Operant Conditioning This theory of operant conditioning was given by B.F skinner. Operant conditioning is also known as Instrumental Conditioning. It is the type of learning in which a subject is rewarded when he or she makes a desired response. His or her behavior is strengthened by reinforcement and weakens b... read more

What is Self Self can be defining as what you see in yourself and how you evaluate yourself. The concept of self is formed by your in born characteristics and evaluation of society. Ecological Self It is perceived with respect to physical environment for example I am a student sitting in classroom in COMSATS ... read more

What is Marketing Marketing is the combination of 2 basic economic functions, one is production and other is consumption. Meeting needs profitably. Satisfying customer needs and wants. The process by which companies create value for customers and build strong customer relationships in order to c... read more

What is Psychology Psychology is the scientific study of human mind such as mental processes and behavior. Study of Psychology is logical as well as it’s rational. Psychology knowledge is based on experiments. The knowledge of Psychology is objective it’s not subjective. Psychology knowledge is reliable a... read more

Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory Abraham Maslow is well famous for proposing the Hierarchy of Needs Theory in 1943. This theory is a traditional portrayal of human motivation. This theory is based on the supposition that there is a hierarchy of five needs within each individual. The importance of these needs varies.... read more

COMPANY OVERVIEW: The journey of Shan’s remarkable success starts from 1981, when the dream of one man became a reality. A visionary entrepreneur, an avowed humanist and a committed philanthropist, Mr. Sikander Sultan, CEO Shan Foods (Pvt.) Ltd, helped pave the way to success by pioneering in the spice business... read more

Nature and Scope of Marketing: Marketing is an ancient art & is everywhere. Formally or informally, people & organizations engage in a vast number of activities that could be called marketing. Good marketing has become an increasingly vital ingredient for business success. It is embedded in everything we... read more

The various stages in New Product Development are: Generating New Product Ideas Idea Screening Concept Testing Business or Market Analysis Estimating the Demand for New Product Actual Development of the Product Market Test Test Marketing Commercialization.  ... read more

Developing new products or modifying existing products so they appear new, and offering those products to current or new markets is the definition of product development strategy. There is nothing simple about the process. It requires keen attention to competitors and customer needs now and in the future, the ability to ... read more

Product Life Cycle: The period over which a product is developed, brought to market and eventually removed from the market. First, the idea for a product undergoes research and development. If the idea is determined to be feasible and potentially profitable, the product will be produced, marketed and rolled out. Assu... read more

The various channel management problems in rural marketing are; Multiple tiers, Higher Cost and Administration Problems: The distribution chain in the rural context requires many tiers as compared to the urban context. In the rural context, at the minimum level the chain needs the village shopkeeper, the wholesal... read more

Though rural markets are a huge attraction to marketers, it is not easy to enter the market and take a sizeable share of the market, in the short time due to the following reasons. Low Literacy There are not enough opportunities for education in rural areas. The literacy level is as low (36%) when compared to all... read more

Purpose of marketing environment analysis:  To know where the environment is leading, to observe & size up the relevant events & trends in the environment.  Strategic response to environment is possible only with proper environment analysis. To assess the scope of various opportuniti... read more

The several fundamental concepts are:Selling Concepts:This concept attentions on aggressively promoting & pushing its products, it cannot expect its products to get picked up automatically by the customer. The purpose is essentially to sell more stuff to more people, to make more profits.  E.g. Coca Cola  ... read more

Marketing strategies might differ depending on the unique condition of the individual business. However, there are numerous ways of categorizing some generic strategies. A brief description of the most common categorizing schemes is presented below: Strategies based on market dominance:In this scheme, companies or firms ... read more